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O2 Wacker problems Solved (Page 1)
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| Author | Topic: All O2 Wacker problems Solved |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
Just had a keg blow out, the heat got so high that the Solvent boiled. Sprayed shit everywhere, HUGE STINK, HUGE MESS. Oxygen loss all over the place. Ketone recovery levels to follow... Thank god there was no fire. Why did it get so hot? Simple, the ethanol had already been converted to Acetaldehyde and Acetic Acid was beginning to form. Acetic acid formation is EXTREMELY exothermic, this oxidation will generate heat, and lots of it. Why didn't I realize this before I had a multi-thousand dollar and time-wasting explosion? God only knows. I had said it myself earlier "We should use IPA for this... it'd probably be a whole lot better..." This explains the strange data we were getting, increasing pressure and time giving a decreasing yield! The acetic acid formed catalyzes that nasty polymerized glop that we all know and hate so very much. From now on, ANYONE caught using ethanol or methanol (tried both same deal) will receive a spanking. Once everything halts at acetone, it might throw off the solvation gradient, sure, but we can compensate with better extraction... But at least no one else will have to suffer through this nightmare... That polymerized gunk you can't distill that makes emulsions a bitch? This is it. That stuff that rockets through your condensor into black junk? This is it. FUCK EtOH!!!!!!!!!!! |
| Chromic Hive Bee |
You wouldn't have a fire--you'd have an explosion. I'm glad you're still with us... |
| Chromic Hive Bee |
Oh yeah, my questions... I had some... is the kinetics of forming a ketone with a secondary alcohol significantly different from forming an aldehyde with a primary alcohol--enough so to prevent oxidation in KrZ's pressure reaction? How far is KrZ from exploding the solvent? ... or is the autoignition temperature of his alcohol a function of pressure? Why would the oxidation stop at acetone and not continue by breaking apart the C-C bonds? Especially when the bond enthalpies for C-C bonds are lower than C-H bonds... |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
I have never heard of anyone oxidizing a C-C apart. It would definitely stop at acetone. I mean, the idea was just follow all the wacker experience here and go for the same with increased pressure, but now when I start going back and looking at references, they all use IPA!! There's a good reaosn for that ;-) I bet you could use tBuOH and have nothing but the safrole oxidized. God damn it stinks in here, funky ass polymer/sassy/ketone stench... I have no fucking idea what kind of excuse I can come up with for a black mushroom cloud on the ceiling of that place when it comes time to switch locales and the LL sees it... sheeeeit |
| b1055 Hive Bee |
glad im still around. thanks for the insight krz nothing like that has happened but the water bath was always monitored. does some h2o need to be present using 99% ipa?? god that burned ketone smells like shit and likes to makes those neat little poof explosions like fireworks. nasty shite.
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| Osmium PimpBee |
Seems to me you oxidise for too long. Try to monitor the O2 absorption and you will now when the rate changes (P2P formation is over). |
| spiceboy Hive Bee |
KrZ- I learned this long ago, around the time you were ridiculing the design of the SRV. ________ (a respected bee) almost lost his vision
PERMANENTLY I wont divulge his name, but you'd know it. The true advantage with the concept of the SRV was FAR more subtle than anyone wanted to give credit for. Why? cause you can FEEL it, with your hands, if it warms up. Also, the choice of isopropyl seems to be very obvious, considering the scale you are doing this on.
My guess is that if you are putting some real Pd JUICE to that mixture. Do you mind giving ratios? I still think your basic idea on the scale up is good...I am trippin' a little that you blew a hole in your unit. What are they rated at, psi-wise? I am lookin at search engine stuff by you on this subject, so if what I
am asking is all I envision this stainless, 10L fire extinguisher being converted to a variant of your ghetto reactor.... you blew the sides out of stainless, ok, Glad you're still around. Go pollinate that flower. |
| Stonium Hive Bee |
spiceboy: Am I dreaming, or is it really you? Gawd, you've surely been missed around here.
KrZ: Jeezus God Man! Glad all turned out ok. Later, |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
Spiceboy: You figured it out so much but didn't put it in your write-up!! That sucks!! They're competing reactions, so that's porbably why I couldn't break that 92% ceiling... |
| Semtex
Enigma Hive Bee |
KrZ: I STiLL don't know what all this black shit is that your talking about. Do you mean the tar type of shit that seems to form when your distilling your post wacker ketone...? If so it can be easily fixed by simply adding some cooking oil to the oil which your distilling, it prevents scorching and makes flasks a HELL of a lot easier to clean. If that's not what your talking about then I have surely mis-interpreted your post(s), please forgive me if that's the case. Also is there an OTC source for 99% IPA? The only thing that comes to mind is the shit that is sold at the pharmacies, but it's in little 500ml bottles. P.S. Good to see your still around to raise shit, it wouldn't be the same around here with out you. Be careful, I hate fucking funerals... :O |
| Chromic Hive Bee |
I've used it to clean electronic equipment. 99+% IPA in 1 gallon plastic jugs... I've never bought it as an individual. |
| Semtex
Enigma Hive Bee |
Just a note incase you didn't get it from the other thread: Some tool tried IPA(99%)and got some black NASTY tarry shit after 8h,
so maybe MeOH needs another look. Perhaps the answer is to shoot for a
SAFE 90% yeild or something, rather than going for the gold and blowing
shit up. Who knows... |
| Osmium PimpBee |
When you guys really achieve 90% isolated yield with MeOH, I see no reason whatsoever to change the solvent. You will produce about the same amount of ketone as you put sassy in. I really doubt that this can be improved any further. I told you 2 years ago that this O2 thing works. Now 90% yields are stated, what else do you want? |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
Yeah but the 90's were only with the G-reactor, I'm beinning to think that the SS is reacting with the catalyst, FUCK. The problem with the G-reactor is you can only process 1kg at a time, stirring isn't as efficent, and it's all glass. I dunno, the SS kegs have done great for hydrogenation but the oxidatiosn have been crappy so far. BAH. |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
This has got to be due to some reaction occuring with the SS, there is simply no other explanation for these dramatic changes. I was reading a reference today for 1-octene, it sited 89% overal conversion with 2-Octene at 87%, 3-Octene at 1.5%, and 4-Octene in trace amounts. It also mentioned 97% conversion to 2-Hexene under similar conditions. It used PdCl2, CuCl*2H2O, IPA, 3atm O2, 30C, and 2 hrs reaction time. |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
PS it mentioned increased production of byproducts with increasing temperature. Sounds as if using glass in an ice bath you could acheive these 97% conversion rates using IPA as the solvent and say 6atm for 3-4 hours. I'm going to skip out on further keg oxidatiosn for the moment. I'll give glass results and keg results under exactly identical conditions as soon as I can. If only the inside of the SS vessel could be coated with glass (like in pro-hydrogenators) or some other non-reactive substance, any ideas? Berhaps some glass company can construct a nice 16L carboy with 1/2" thick glass and a nice thread gas input that the reactants could perhaps be dripped into, although pour-out would be one hell of a pain in the ass. |
| Bankrobber Hive Bee |
KRz have them apply a teflon coat, it is expensive(400 dollars probably in your case), they sand down the metal so it can have a good bond w/ teflon based coat, than they apply teflon, than they'll bake/cure it in a huge oven, than re-apply another thin coat, bake/cure again, finally they'll do one more layer, bake cure, than it's ready for anything you can throw it's way(worked for SWIBR), and it allows for magnetic stirring. The places that do this kind of thing are not so common though, but can be found in any major city, I've got 2 in mine.Hope this helps, Bank Robber |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
The problem wih that would be that a number of the components are composed of plastic :-( I'm beginning to think that a glass fermentation carboy from the brew-shop would be the way to go. I can't quite tell but the pictures of some of them look like they have a flat-bottom (so I can get easier stirring) with a top that *might* be able to be fited with some hose that could be clamped down. Should work in the 45-60psi range like the wine-jug but custom glass-prep could also still be an option. |
| Wondering1 Hive Bee |
Maybe something along these lines?
grabbed it from here http://www.homebrewheaven.com/cat5.htm if thats what you're looking for they don't cost too much...but they probably aren't as thick as required... |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
I'm thinking of trying for a custom vacuum carboy (5 gallon), done up all custom like with 1/2" or 3/4" pyrex, and with the top threaded so it can have one of those Pyrex brand media storage caps screwed down onto it. That shit would be AWESOME, thick ass glass that could hold a good 90psi, or 60 to be safe, a pressure able screw on cap and wide mouth for reactant entry, and the thick vacuum hose adaptor could easily be fitted with a hose! This is gonna be amazing! |
| Osmium PimpBee |
KrZ, I have the solution to your problems: There is a company specialised in GC and HPLC equipment, which developped a procedure to coat metals with an absolutely inert layer of glass/silicon/whatever that shit is. It is mainly used for GC equipment, but any metal object which can withstand heat (about 400°C) and vacuum can be coated with it. This procedure is used for aircraft engine parts, in space applications (fuel tanks etc) and so on. The layer deposited has a thickness of only a few hundred Angstroms. I will search for it now and report back. |
| Osmium PimpBee |
http://www.restekcorp.com/ http://www.restekcorp.com/silco.htm http://www.restekcorp.com/silcofaq.htm |
| Semtex
Enigma Hive Bee |
So if the soda keg isn't the ghetto reactor then what is? SWIM's tests were done with the assumption that the soda keg was the famed ghetto reactor, oh well. Do you think a thin layer of silicon grease would stop it from reacting with the metal? If so there are silicon grease airesol(sp!) cans at your local hardware/automotive store. All I know is when it's sprayed on things, water sure as shit beads up, and the shit is SLIPPERY!!! The two solvents that are listed on the can are Petroleum Distillate amd Heptane, which of course would evaporate off leaving the silicon layer(???). But would the MeOH or IPA or what have you also dissolve the silicon as did the above mentioned solvents? The only reason I suggested this is the shit is kick assed for spraying onto blades, knifes and swords when one wants to store them, all having to do with that little protective coating. Do you think it might help? I mean as long as the solvent that is used doesnt remove the coating then the shit is cheap enuf to re-aply after every run. Grasping at straws here, hopefully something good will come of it...
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| KrZ Hive Bee |
I dunno, I think these strong ass oxdizing reactions will cause problems in almost anything that isn't glass-lined. The ghetto reactor was the wine jug (1 gallon) with appropriate fittings (hard to rig). Were you able to get some recovery form your mess? Did it heat up at all? I noted some pitting after a long oxidation like that so I'm pretty sure the SS is the problem. I'm sure you'll be able to get some recovery. |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
Semtex: Check your email. |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
Silicosteel would be pimp if you could find some way to remove the big plastic base from a keg. But I fear it would be expensive... hmmmmm... |
| b1055 Hive Bee |
so a better approach is using a wine jug at less psi for longer? whats the max. psi you can reach with the appropriate fittings? and how many hours til completion at the lower pressure? has anyone rigged up brewers glass carboys to test psi? those suckers come pretty thick in the 1 gal sizes... |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
B: SWIM has taken the wine jugs up to 80psi for extended periods with devastating results. Definitely would want to use some sort of shielding though cuz you never know, there could be some small imperfection. Do those wine fermentators have an easy way to fit for pressure? And are the bottoms perfectly flat for EZ stirring? I'd hate to spend thousands on some custom shit if that would work okay. But I still think the custom deal would be the bomb
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| b1055 Hive Bee |
the carboys ive bought are flat bottomed and have a tooled lip - im assuming throwing a gas valve and a blowout and lid and soft-setting the whole deal together, and fitting it over the tooled lip and clamping it down with an o-ring or six. if your running a big risk with the jug, at 80psi, is it any disadvantage to run it at say 60psi for an extra X hours? ive got a lexan shield for the face of my fume hood, so i should be safe to test. on covering SS, has anyone tried using the ptfe coating spray-on ?? its a little pricey but if it works, well worth it. |
| b1055 Hive Bee |
http://www.astinfo.com/lubricants/c007.htm something along these lines??? |
| b1055 Hive Bee |
http://www.brewtek.com/Fermntrs.JPG the first bottle is the exact one sold round here. |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
That first bottle there looks good, looks like it coulb be easily fitted with hose. I've got some requests in the works for a 3/4" glass deal with pressure cap and reinforced pressure inlet. But that fermentor might be a MUCH cheaper alternative. If you find anything out RSVP. Dunno about that teflon coat, someone else want to give it a try?
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| Semtex
Enigma Hive Bee |
With proper strapping and shit, do you think that one of those 5gallon pails, also in that picture, would hold say 100psi? Do the wacker in a big beaker like KRZ did with the PVC way back when... |
| Osmium PimpBee |
Bees, you are crazy. Don't use flat-bottomed glassware for high pressure reactions. It might work when the glass bottles are small, but using those big ones is very dangerous. KrZ, is there any sign of Pd or Cu plating on the SS after a reaction? Or does the solution contain metal particles when discharged from the reactor? |
| placebo Hive Bee |
I am not trying to bee a smart-ass (it just happens)But how much pressure do you guys think one of those carboys could hold?? I think it is time for someone to find out! Easy to do, I'll just hook one up to an air compressor and seal it in a
garbage bin and go! Just in the interests of science!(and fun) ------------------ |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
The references are all for 3atm and 2 hrs and they all get great yields, so 45 psi doesn't sound like too much. There's nothing wrong with a little pressure experimentation as long as it's done properly. You should try blowing up a few glass jugs every now and then Os. Those fermentors build up pressure by design so they look to be a good choice.. have to see... |
| placebo Hive Bee |
I already have one sitting around that I used on a P/P, so I'll give it a go! If nothing else I will bee eliminating some evidence! ![]() Its a smaller size, not 20L but will bee interesting all the same! I figure these things handle much more then most would expect! ------------------ |
| dr.strangelove Hive Bee |
P L A S T I C |
| Osmium PimpBee |
KrZ: I have pressurized champagne bottles with air before, in excess of 150psi, with a concrete wall and a metal door between me and the bottle, and of course the clamped and wired stopper blew out and the bottle never exploded. BUT they don't have a flat bottom, are designed to withstand that sort of pressure and aren't that big. Seeing how many of the bees lack common sense some will invariably extrapolate that if a 1L glass bottle with a 1/4inch wall thickness doesn't explode at 80psi a 2gallon bottle with the same wall thickness will be able to stand the same pressure (which of course it doesn't). Especially not when it is placed in a water bath for heating purposes. All this makes me shiver, I bet I will suffer from nightmares tonight, with cute innocent newbees decapitated by flying glass shards...
I'm with ya gewurz, think plastic. PP or something like that, you can place it in a steel drum and cast concrete around it and pressurize the shit out of it. Or use a wound(sp?) fiberglass container. placebo: fill the bottle with water when you do that, making the explosion less dangerous. |
| b1055 Hive Bee |
im getting quotes on a custom ptfe liner to fit perfectly in a soda keg, except its flatbottom - what kind of material would be good to fill in the gap underneath between the ptfe and ss that can take the 120psi?? |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
Innocent bees commiting serious felonies. Fuck it. 1L wine jugs will hold 80psi just as well as 4L's. I think the reduction in strength isn't that great on scale-up as you might bee thinking. This custom pyrex 3/4" shit will definitely withstand some serious psi considering that a 4L is only 1/4" thick and this is 3x that and only 5x the volume. We'll see what these fermentors can take. And also, you shouldn't be heating an oxidation, if anything you should run it in an ice-bath for optimum yields. See the article that the O2 wacker is based on.... |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
Innocent bees commiting serious felonies. Fuck it. 1L wine jugs will hold 80psi just as well as 4L's. I think the reduction in strength isn't that great on scale-up as you might bee thinking. This custom pyrex 3/4" shit will definitely withstand some serious psi considering that a 4L is only 1/4" thick and this is 3x that and only 5x the volume. We'll see what these fermentors can take. And also, you shouldn't be heating an oxidation, if anything you should run it in an ice-bath for optimum yields. See the article that the O2 wacker is based on.... |
| Osmium PimpBee |
quote: Arrrgh! That's exactly what I'm talking about! Of course the material strengh will not suffer, but the pressure of the gasses inside pushing the flat bottomed part outwards outwards will be much stronger! You can evacuate an 250 ml erlenmeyer with an oil pump without cracking it, do the same to a 2L erlenmeyer and -surprise!- that motherfucker will crack!
quote: That's absolutely irrelevant. It's the diameter (or area) of the flat part that counts... quote: I don't think that these fermentors are that good, I bet they are nothing but cheapest soda (window pane) glass. I have worked with 10 and 20L Buechi glass reactors, these things can stand those kind of pressures. But ALL faces are round, they don't have flat glass parts. And they definitely can't stand temp differences (ok, you didn't argue that point :-) ).
quote: I am familiar with that ref, I was the first to post it here. |
| Osmium PimpBee |
Very slow O2 absorption was observed at or below RT. |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
80 pounds per square inch is 80 pounds per square inch, it has to do with area not volume guy. The rate of curavture is what makes the small ones more strong than the biguns. You might as well say that a 1L flask made out of 1mm thick glass will hold the same psi as a 10L made out of 1" thick glass dipped in concrete. Quote; "Isomerization may be minimized by carrying out the oxidation at low temperatures. Thus oxidation of 1-octene to 2-octanone to the extent of 62% at 90C, 85% at 60C, and MORE THAN 97% at 30C" If you want to tell me that a gas is more soluble in a liquid at high
ass temperatures than at low ones go ahead. It sure as hell runs contrary
to everythings I've ever heard. I think I'll stick with peer reviewed
Journal Articles and textbook physics equations for now. "I am familiar with that ref, I was the first to post it here." Great, try reading it too next time. Just wait and see what happens, or tell me where I can get a
glass-lined reactor and I'll shut the fuck up.
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| KrZ Hive Bee |
That was not intended to deny that rounded glassware can withstand greater psi that flat glassware. This is definitely true. But the damn HW 12L is just so hard to retrofit with psi gear and it would be so much more nice to have an EZ stirred deal that could hit a stable 60psi, leave the high-psi H2 to the kegs though. |
| Osmium PimpBee |
Ok dOOd, you don't want it any different:
quote: Yup, you are right. Now, if you consider that area is (per definition) proportional to the sqare of the radius, you will come to the conclusion that the area of the flat part is much bigger in case of the big bottle. Get some of your physic books and calculate the force for a 1L bottle and a 4L bottle, and compare them. I might even do it over the weekend, in case I'm bored.
quote: Of course a gas is more soluble in cold solvent, but are you sure that
gas dissolution is the rate determining step in this reaction? Maybe it is
one of the many the reoxidation of catalyst steps?
quote: Octene is a particulary unsuitable example, because the double bond can move along the molecule, meaning that selectivity of the catalyst system for methyl ketone is highest when done at lower temps (for aliphatic alkenes). Allylbenzenes are a totally different story. BTW, I came to this conclusions by my own (limited but nevertheless well performed )
experimentation.
quote: Do it! Develop a formula to calculate the force pushing the bottom of a flat-bottomed bottle outwards! Compute the result for different sizes of bottles. Compare the results. Report back.
quote:Bend over and sigh niggah ,
maybe you can be my lab assistant one day. But only if you promise to
swallow.
No hard feelings, but I'm way pimper than you.
quote:Good, you finally start listen to me. I don't want any newbee reading all this to get hurt. I don't care about you guys, you are old enough to know what you are doing, I told you this shit repeatedly. Ever thought about a flask or PP bulb wrapped with glass or kevlar or even carbon cloth and dipped in resin? |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
The force per unit area is the same, 80psi on every square inch of one 80psi on every square inch of the other!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Just because seams and flat parts are weak points doesn't mean that they can't be compensated for!! Look at a god damn Parr hydrogenator for fucks sake, 1/2" thick borosilicate and it's rated for safe operation at 60 psi and at various temperatures, and the damn thing isn't round either. "Yup, you are right. Now, if you consider that area is (per definition) proportional to the sqare of the radius, you will come to the conclusion that the area of the flat part is much bigger in case of the big bottle." Yeah no fucking shit, but the force per unit area is still the same. You know exactly NOTHING. I want some newbee fuckwit to come in here and blow his fucking dimwitted face off so he will be rubbed out and will discourage all the other shit-for-brains HS dropouts from trying to do chemistry. "Of course a gas is more soluble in cold solvent, but are you sure that
gas dissolution is the rate determining step in this reaction?" "Very slow O2 absorption was observed at or below RT." If you hold a piece of paper taught flat it can hold less weight than if you leave some slack in it, that doesn't mean your sheet of paper is going to split in half when you put a pencil on it if it's flat and will hold an elephant if it's curved. "Develop a formula to calculate the force pushing the bottom of a flat-bottomed bottle outwards!" It's just the force per unit area times the area!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! But the thickness and STRENGTH per unit area of the glass remains the same. Since the outside of the sphere has a slightly greater AREA per unit force (because using the same delta r with varying r will give a reducing value of Area Outside/Area inside), the smaller flask will indeed having higher strength, but the OA/IA will only be 1 with flat glass. THAT is why small flasks are stronger, but the change in OA/IA from a 1/4" 1L to a 1/4" 4L is much smaller than that going from a 1/4" 25ml to a 1/4" 100ml. ALL NEWBEES FUCKOFF AND DIE YOU CAN NEVER DO THIS IT IS DANGEROUS AS HELL. Whatever I'm sure you wouldn't say shit if spicebitch said that his soda bottle cold hold 120psi with its 1/16" thick plastic. I'm going to kick my GRE scores straight up your ass if you keep talking scrit about something you don't understand. And strangelove, why don't you try doing some shit before you go about making claims about what vessel to use. Need I mention your bromo??????????? Whatever, data will flow, if you're scared for your precious newbees, I won't transmit any more experimental data here and will discreetly send it to my esteemed colleagues instead. Maybe we should only post fun-with-play-doh synths so every etard can enhale HCl fumes in his fucking kirchen and make up some dirty yet tasty Al/Hg sludge. mmmmm mmmm good |
| KrZ Hive Bee |
"Octene is a particulary unsuitable example, because the double bond can move along the molecule" Gee and I thought there was such a thing as safrole and isosafrole. SILLY FUCKING ME. |
| dr.strangelove Hive Bee |
Well, KrZ, the claims I made were that the bottle I used could withstand 80 psi at room temperature. Call Coca-Cola yourself. I only use 45psi. Also, I am very happy these days. No need to I had the balls to try it before you, I had the sense to try it before
you, I had the A-N-D....
NEVER EVER FAILED ON ME. not once.
You wanna talk smack about the bromosafrole thing, but; I admitted the truth, THEN, I corrected it, I aint having any of the troubles you are...
Read Semtex's post above. You imply shit just like you bitch about others doing.
You're just asking for severe bodily harm when that glass goes
everywhere, and variables being what they are, if you do it
Why risk your life and (as you say) Is it just a chem snob thing you have about glass?
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